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An autonomous feedback protocol: responding to temperature and potential changes in energy converters

Krishna Lyn Delima, Elsa Danielsson, Bruno Bertin-Johannet, Janine Splettstoesser·August 21, 2026
Mesoscale PhysicsQuantum Physics

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Abstract

Nanoscale thermoelectric devices convert tiny amounts of heat into power. But what happens if the external conditions and resulting temperature differences are not a priori known? We propose a feedback mechanism that optimizes the performance of a quantum-point-contact-based heat engine (QPC). A quantum-dot detector measures the external conditions and gives autonomous feedback on the QPC's properties. We expect this feedback mechanism to be experimentally relevant for steady-state engines with unknown external conditions and for adapting dynamic charging processes to the potential buildup.

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