Lie-Algebraic Subspace Quantization for Zero-Shot Quantum Learning and Barren-Plateau Mitigation

Abstract

The barren plateau phenomenon severely limits the scalability of parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs). We present an analytical framework for zero-shot classical-to-quantum parameter transfer and manifold-based model merging without quantum-side optimization. Our parameter transfer map converts classical neural-network weights into low-dimensional quantum evolutions using Stiefel subspace selection, nearest-unitary polar projection, and logarithmic generator extraction. We prove a Subspace Quantization Theorem that bounds the reconstruction error by geometric truncation and exact non-unitarity, with the latter becoming second order in the near-unitary regime. Identity-centered architectures naturally produce generators near the identity, avoiding logarithm branch-cut singularities and mitigating initialization-time gradient concentration. We further derive an explicit error bound for manifold-based model merging and show that the same construction provides a warm-start initialization whose active dynamics remain confined to a k-dimensional subspace. Experiments on IBM ibm_kobe demonstrate Hellinger fidelity of 0.987 at k=8, while subspace gradients remain resolvable up to 128 physical qubits.