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Excitation spectra and rank tomography of linear matrix product tangent spaces
Otto T. P. Schmidt, Iacopo Carusotto·July 6, 2026
cond-mat.quant-gasQuantum Physics
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Abstract
We formulate a tangent-space method for algebraic varieties of matrix product states (MPS) to study excitation spectra of non-uniform quantum many-body systems with open boundary conditions. We further introduce a rank tomography of the MPS tangent space, which characterizes its expressivity in terms of particle-sector rank profiles of the underlying MPS variety. Using the Bose--Hubbard model as a benchmark, we illustrate that the method reproduces low-lying excitations and captures finite-size precursors of the Mott-insulator to superfluid transition.