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A Short Note on the Generators of Controlled Quantum Gates
Richard M. Milbradt, Christian B. Mendl·June 24, 2026
Quantum Physics
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Abstract
We present the analytical generators for arbitrary multi-qubit controlled gates. Closed forms for the generating Hamiltonians are given for gates with both multiple control and target qubits, as well as for arbitrary control conditions. This allows us to go beyond gate-based simulations of quantum circuits and incorporate decoherence and other noise in simulations of quantum computers. We exemplify this by simulating the impact of a harmonic oscillator interacting with two qubits during the application of a controlled NOT gate.