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Superconducting Parallel-Plate Resonators for the Detection of Single Electron Spins
André Pscherer, Jannes Liersch, Patrick Abgrall, Andrew D. Beyer, Fabien Defrance, Sunil R. Gowala, Hélène Le Sueur, James O'Sullivan, Emmanuel Flurin, Patrice Bertet·March 26, 2026
Quantum Physics
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Abstract
We introduce a multilayer superconducting microwave resonator with sub-Ohm impedance optimized for high coupling strength to single electron spins. The design minimizes the magnetic far-field and therefore achieves a Purcell factor $F_P > 10^{15}$. We show several ways to fabricate this type of resonator and present resonators with an intrinsic $Q$-factor exceeding $2 \cdot 10^4$ at the single-photon level. We further characterize these resonators in magnetic fields up to $500 \, \text{mT}$. Finally, we evaluate the impact of the achievable Purcell factor on single-spin detection through photon counting and dispersive readout.