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Frequency-Division Multiplexed CV-QKD System
Jahyeok Han, Donghyeok Le, Minseok Ryu, Syed Assad, Yong-Su Kim, Sunghyun Bae·March 21, 2026
Quantum PhysicsCryptography
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Abstract
We propose a frequency-division multiplexed (FDM) continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) system with enhanced spectral efficiency through dense multiplexing of low-symbol-rate signals. A four-channel 10-Mbaud FDM-CV-QKD system was experimentally demonstrated using Gaussian modulation, a transmitted local oscillator, and homodyne detection. Under a finite-size scenario (N = 10^7), the system achieved a 3.7-fold back-to-back secret key rate gain and outperformed the single-channel system for distances up to 41.1 km.