Spectral Distribution of Exceptional Points in Lattices with Localized Loss
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Abstract
We explore the existence and stability of exceptional points (EPs) in finite waveguide arrays subject to single-site dissipation. We show that the EP landscape is dictated by a geometry-dependent parity effect, leading to strictly distinct spectral behaviors for arrays with even versus odd numbers of waveguides. Through analytical derivation and numerical analysis, we define the conditions under which these singularities emerge and evolve. Our findings clarify the mechanisms of symmetry breaking in finite non-Hermitian lattices, offering new guidelines for the design of robust optical structures that exploit or avoid exceptional points.