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Enhancing Long-distance Continuous-variable Quantum-key-distribution with an Error-correcting Relay
S. Nibedita Swain, Ryan J. Marshman, Josephine Dias, Alexander S. Solntsev, Timothy C. Ralph·December 12, 2025
Quantum Physics
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Abstract
Noiseless linear amplifiers (NLAs) serve as an effective means to enable long-distance continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD), even under realistic conditions with non-unit reconciliation efficiency. Separately, unitary averaging has been suggested to mitigate some stochastic noise, including phase noise in continuous-variable states. In this work, we combine these two protocols to simultaneously compensate for thermal-loss effects and suppress phase noise, thereby enabling long-distance CV QKD that surpasses the repeaterless bound, the fundamental rate-distance limit, for repeaterless quantum communication systems.