Certified Private Quantum Time Ticks Away Faster than Any Classical Clock

Abstract

We introduce the concept of an entangled clock, where the flow of time is operationally defined by the discrete registration of measurement outcomes on a singlet state. Comparing the synchronization rate of two such clocks against classical models, we find that at obtuse relative angles, the quantum clock ticks strictly faster than this classical benchmark. We further propose a protocol for Certified Private Time, adapting device-independent randomness certification to the temporal domain; this guarantees a sovereign timeline that ticks away faster than any local realistic mechanism allows.