Applications and resource estimates for open system simulation on a quantum computer

Abstract

We present two applications where open system quantum simulation is the preferred approach on a quantum computer. We choose concrete parameters for the problems in such a way that the application value, which we call utility, can be obtained from the solution directly. The scientific utility is exemplified by a computation of nonequilibrium behavior of Ca$_3$Co$_2$O$_6$, which is studied in \$2M MagLab experiments. For industrial utility, we develop a methodology that allows researchers of various backgrounds to estimate the economic value of an emerging technology consistently. Our approach predicts \$400M utility for the applications of materials with a Metal-Insulator Transition. We focus on the transport calculation in the Hubbard model as the simplest problem that needs to be solved in a large-scale material search. The resource estimates for both problems suffer from a large required runtime, which motivates us to propose novel algorithm optimizations, taking advantage of the translation invariance and the parallelism of the T-gate application. Finally, we introduce several planted solution problems and their obfuscated versions as a benchmark for future quantum devices.