Quantum many-body physics from a gravitational lens
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Abstract
The past two decades have seen the emergence of remarkable interconnections among previously remotely related disciplines, such as condensed matter, nuclear physics, gravity and quantum information, fuelled both by experimental advances and by the new powerful theoretical methods offered by holographic duality. In this Review, we sample some recent developments in holographic duality in connection with quantum many-body dynamics. These include insights into strongly correlated phases without quasiparticles and their transport properties, quantum many-body chaos and the scrambling of quantum information. We also discuss recent progress in understanding the structure of holographic duality itself using quantum information, including a ‘local’ version of the duality, as well as the quantum error-correction interpretation of quantum many-body states with a gravity dual, and how such notions help to demonstrate the unitarity of black hole evaporation. Holographic duality is an equivalence relation between a gravitational system and a quantum many-body system. The Review discusses various insights obtained from the duality into properties of strongly coupled matter, quantum many-body chaos and deep connections between quantum information and geometry. Holographic duality is an equivalence relation between a gravitational theory in d + 1 dimensions and ordinary quantum systems in d dimensions. The duality provides powerful analytical and numerical approaches to study properties of strongly correlated quantum systems without quasiparticles in otherwise inaccessible regimes. Holographic duality gives new insights into equilibrium and non-equilibrium properties of strange metallic phases, and leads to new conceptual and technical breakthroughs in the study of quantum chaos. The duality reveals deep connections between quantum information and geometry, which in turn lead to new understanding of propagation of quantum information and the structure of spacetime itself. Combining ideas from holography and quantum information theory results in innovative approaches to the long-standing question of whether a black hole destroys information.